Tramadol is a prescription pain reliever used for moderate to moderately severe pain. It works on opioid receptors and also affects serotonin and norepinephrine. It carries a risk of dependence and should be taken exactly as prescribed. Avoid alcohol and other sedatives, and do not stop suddenly without consulting your doctor.
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Tramadol is a centrally acting analgesic agent with a multimode of action. Analgesic agent Tramadol is characterized by wide application and used for treatment:
Tramadol blocks pain impulse transmission in the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. Analgesic effect of Tramadol is caused by the parent drug and the active M1 metabolite.
Tramadol effectiveness is about one-eighth of analgesic agent Morphine. In contrast to Morphine, Tramadol therapeutic doses neither provide a respiratory depressant effect nor adversely affect heart rate.
Analgesic effect is observed about 60 minutes after oral use of Tramadol. Peak of analgesia is achieved within approximately 2.5 hours after oral administration of Tramadol.
Tramadol is metabolized in several ways and excreted mainly with the urine. The half-life is about 6 and 7 hours for Tramadol and active M1 metabolite, respectively.
Tramadol, an analgesic drug with a multimode action, is intended for pain treatment in patients over 17 years of age.
The frequency and duration of intake of Tramadol 50mg tablets may vary depending on the pain type and intensity, and on the patient’s general health.
In treatment of acute, chronic or neuropathic pain, a daily dose of Tramadol may be:
Patients with acute pain should immediately take one or two tablets of Tramadol 50mg, depending on the severity of pain. In case of clinical need for further treatment of the acute pain, 50-100mg Tramadol should be taken every 5 hours.
Patients not requiring fast analgesic action are recommended to start pain treatment with the minimum effective dose of Tramadol. Further gradual increase in the daily doses of Tramadol improves treatment efficacy and tolerability to the analgesic drug.
The daily dosage should be increased by 50mg Tramadol every three days. For optimal pain management, the dose should be gradually increased up to four tablets of Tramadol 50mg per day at about regular intervals.
Also, like other centrally acting analgesics, Tramadol may cause allergic reactions and side effects. The most common side effects during pain treatment with Tramadol tablets are dizziness and nausea.
The list of common side effects of Tramadol includes pain in the head and neck, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation, diarrhea, discomfort and abdominal pain, excessive sweating, daytime sleepiness, and fatigue. Convulsions, low heart rate, tremor, upper or lower extremities and anxiety are reported to be rare.
Most of Tramadol side effects are mild to moderate. Typically, four Tramadol 50mg pills per day or less do not cause any serious side effects.
Tramadol is an analgesic agent with low potential for physical and psychological addiction. Risks of addiction are increased at long-term application of over 400mg Tramadol per day.
Sudden cessation of Tramadol (especially of high daily doses) may cause withdrawal syndrome. Usually withdrawal symptoms (for example, insomnia, tremors, and shivering) are mild and transient.
Tramadol, a drug against pain is contraindicated to patients:
People with brain or spinal cord injuries, severe hepatic or renal impairment, shock, respiratory depression with the risk of opioid addiction or high intracranial pressure should take Tramadol 50mg pills with caution.
Daily intake of Tramadol tablets increases risks of convulsions in patients:
Tramadol is available as hydrochloride salt and is usually supplied as tablets for oral administration.
Tramadol solution and suppository are available as well. Besides oral administration, Tramadol is administered:
Tramadol was first synthesized in 1962 in Germany, but as a drug for pain treatment appeared in the US in 1994 year. Now centrally acting analgesic Tramadol is used worldwide and included into the essential medicines lists of many countries.
